Frequently Asked Questions

My sculptures are made to live with you. I love the idea that a piece can become part of the landscape rather than simply sitting inside a room. The garden changes through the seasons, the light moves across the bronze, and the sculpture becomes part of the story of the place.

Foundry Bronze is real bronze metal, cast using the traditional lost-wax process in a specialist foundry. It is exceptionally durable and made to last for generations. Bronze Resin is made using bronze metal powder combined with resin, creating the beautiful appearance of bronze but at a lighter weight and more accessible price point. Both are individually finished and patinated by hand.

Warm brown bronze: The rich brown, chocolate and warm earthy tones are created by chemically reacting the surface of the bronze to form a controlled patina. Hughes and Rowe describe a range of formulations using compounds such as cupric salts, ferric compounds and sulphur-containing chemicals, depending on the exact brown tone required. The heat, concentration and application method all influence the final colour.Verdigris green: The beautiful blue-green/green patina is created through the formation of copper compounds on the surface of the bronze. Copper salts such as copper acetate or copper sulphate, together with controlled moisture and other chemical treatments, can produce the characteristic green associated with aged bronze.Every patina is individual: The final colour is not simply a paint applied to the sculpture. It is a chemical transformation of the bronze surface, and the result depends on the alloy, preparation of the surface, chemicals used, heat, application technique and subsequent finishing.The finish continues to evolve: A professionally applied patina gives the sculpture its initial character, but bronze can continue to develop subtly over time as it responds to its environment. This is part of the beauty and individuality of a bronze sculpture.

Yes—and this is part of the beauty of bronze. The patina is a chemical finish created on the surface of the metal, rather than simply a colour painted onto it. Sun, rain, moisture and the surrounding environment can subtly change the surface over time, giving the sculpture its own character. With the right care, the original patina can be beautifully preserved while still allowing the bronze to age naturally.

Keep it clean: Gently wash the sculpture periodically with clean water and a soft cloth or soft natural-bristle brush to remove dust, dirt and atmospheric deposits. Allow it to dry thoroughly.Protect the patina: Outdoor bronze is normally protected with a conservation-grade wax or suitable protective coating. This helps shield both the bronze and its carefully created patina from rain, pollution and weathering.Wax regularly: As a general guide, an outdoor bronze may benefit from a fresh protective wax approximately once a year, although exposed coastal or polluted environments may require more frequent attention.Never use abrasive cleaners: Avoid metal polish, wire brushes, scouring pads, acidic cleaners or household chemicals. These can remove or alter the patina that gives the sculpture its character.Expect subtle changes: Bronze is a living surface. Sun, rain, moisture and the surrounding atmosphere can gradually alter its colour and sheen. A little change over time is natural and can add depth to the patina.A simple rule for collectors: clean gently, protect regularly and let the patina age naturally.